白丝双马尾洛丽塔被尾随入室嘿嘿全程高能在线
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今年9月份去了德国奥地利捷克，到现在才勉强把片子整理了一遍，发现很多地方是去过的但已经不能清楚地回忆起是哪里了。就好像导游在现场讲解的时候，觉着倍儿清楚倍儿有意思，可睡过一觉之后，忘得个干干净净。唉，岁数大了。。。 打小俺就不喜欢码字，所以这个帖子才跑到了这里，要不然就帖到“走出国门”去了。在这里，我码出的字还真不一定有片子多，慢慢看吧您。。。不过看了之后别忘了给捧个场。 先要把上片子的顺序理一下，先上人物（其实就是美女），再上车（就是宝马），之后是风景建筑，最后按国家把剩下的统统上传了。第一篇： 欧洲各种MM 第二篇： 宝马博物馆 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-988821-6-1.html第三篇： 穿梭美景间 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-988821-11-1.html第四篇： 德国 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-988821-21-1.html第五篇： 奥地利 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-988821-30-1.html第六篇： 捷克 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-988821-38-1.html 第一篇： 欧洲各种MM 搭一个亚洲MM -）(
最新章节： 第521章 鼠年生肖邮票首发 （ 2024-05-25 21:10:37）
更新时间： 2024-05-25 22:28:05
- 第1章 易烊千玺
- 第2章 白石麻衣将毕业
- 第3章 乐福骑士内讧
- 第4章 鼠年生肖邮票
- 第5章 今日亚洲
- 第6章 破冰行动王牌对王牌
- 第7章 梦回
- 第8章 23岁空姐坠楼失忆首颗5G卫星出厂
- 第9章 幸福三重奏
- 第10章 存钱存了一半睡着
- 第11章 天道图书馆
- 第12章 别克
- 第13章 犯罪现场庆余年
- 第14章 法医秦明
- 第15章 我们的歌
- 第16章 大主宰
- 第17章 全职高手5职业联赛
- 第18章 从前有座灵剑山
- 第19章 脸书被曝新漏洞
- 第20章 汇源果汁或将退市
- 点击查看 中间隐藏的 36562 章节
- 第549章 人造肉国标将出台
- 第550章 王源
- 第551章 鼠年生肖邮票首发
- 第552章 爱情保卫战
- 第553章 水浒传
- 第554章 牧马人
- 第555章 吉利
- 第556章 翟天临复出
- 第557章 做回自己
- 第558章 old town road
- 第559章 大主宰2
- 第560章 勒芒24小时耐力赛
- 第561章 我们的歌
- 第562章 斗战狂潮4
- 第563章 天津女排
- 第564章 斗罗大陆海报
- 第565章 千与千寻
- 第566章 斗战狂潮4
- 第567章 鹤唳华亭
- 第568章 央视动画状告京东
够...夹住了别掉出来了gl
刘郁婷同系列：斯里兰卡游记更新之 ：东南亚的礼品们。（42页更新完）请大家鼓励https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1444112-1-1.html佛牙寺中的斯里兰卡https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1457891-1-1.html斯里兰卡是印度洋的一滴眼泪，在这里，我们仿佛变成了一条会微笑的鱼，梦幻般的水下摄影让我们体验了鱼的世界，仿佛置身于清澈神秘的海洋中~酒店的泳池水清澈无比，试一下水温，准备开始我们的水下摄影我的漂亮麻豆舟舟小姐~这次我们策划已久的水下摄影拍摄的秘密武器就是G1X~搭配上原厂的防水罩，更加帅气啦！勇敢的走向水底深处~ 展开双臂，体验在水中飞翔的自由与快乐 水里的自己，内心很安静，忘却了喧嚣中的另一个自己~或许读懂的忧伤寂寞，只是盛开一席宁静向光的方向游过去，游向幸福的方向在水底灿烂的阳光中睁开双眼，安静的衬托着梦想-关于前世的梦：也许我是一条会微笑的鱼～也许我只是一个气泡~ 即便会被遗忘，偶尔会落寞。但这不是宿命，这是水与鱼离不弃的誓言。 逐渐熟悉了水下拍摄的感觉后，舟舟水性越来越好了~克服了水下的恐惧心理，能在水里睁眼憋气拍照很不容易呢！换一套装扮再来一次~浮光掠影的光线、如梦似幻的色彩，在水中，一切都变得柔和，抚平人的情绪，宁静而平和。将我的爱心传递给你~感谢你，赠我欢喜，那里还留有你来过的痕迹，我依然爱着你，素净如水，永不缺失。感谢一直在水底给我们拍视频花絮的HU先生我努力游向想要的幸福方向，不放弃爱的勇气，不怀疑会有真心~by HU拍摄相机：G1X+原厂防水罩水下摄影技术是没有止境的，任何角度的抓拍都能呈现不同的艺术性，和大家分享水下拍摄小技巧：R26;在水下拍出好照片，要了解彼此的游泳、潜水的技巧；掌握和对水下摄影的配合节奏，安全第一。摄影师不仅需要有极大的耐心，也需要有迅捷的游动能力。•小相机也能拍出创作片，拍摄之前，将G1X设置成水下拍摄模式，这样才能保证水下色温平衡功能，皮肤能在蓝色水波环境下呈现舒服的色调•;尽量选用原厂的防水罩，质量能有保障，否则相机进水了，就损失惨重啦~为了适应潜水的需求，常见的防水罩防水能力都能够达到40米。226;水下拍摄最好选择在阳光明媚的中午前后，是最佳拍摄时间段，因为此时太阳当顶，阳光几乎垂直照射在水面，很少反射，水中的光亮最强。R26;要注意水对光线的折射，再透明的水中也有悬浮微粒，距离被摄体越远，照片的清晰度就越差。因此要尽量使用变焦靠近被摄体拍摄。•要尽量避免照相机直接朝下拍摄，因为这时是顺光，拍出来的照片缺少层次和反差。最好的拍摄角度是与拍摄主体等高或低于拍摄主体，这时的光照为侧光或侧逆光，拍出来的照片层次分明，反差适中。([]
数学课代表被我按在地
黄贞仪十五天游历了欧洲大小十国。荷兰—— 比利时—— 法国—— 卢森堡—— 德国—— 瑞士—— 列支敦士登—— 奥地利—— 意大利—— 梵蒂冈。哈哈，我自己都感到迷惑，十个国家十四个城市。阿姆斯特丹、布鲁塞尔、巴黎、卢森堡、法兰克福、（海德堡）、琉森、列支敦士登、慕尼黑、菌斯布鲁克、威尼斯、罗马、梵蒂冈、佛罗伦萨、米兰。走马观花，浮光掠影，除了三飞，汽车行程四千多公里。城市的繁荣我无动于衷，悠久历史留下的艺术作品，人文景观让人震撼。但对我来讲，收获最大的还是这四千多公里，让我饱尝眼福，见识了欧洲超美丽的自然风光。还是那句话，风景在路上。原以为，只有高原才有的兰天白云，在欧洲天天见到。在川藏南线左贡到芒康的“卡均”，草甸、牧场、森林，美不胜收，殊不知这种风光在瑞士沿途尽是，好几天都车行在无限的美景中。这次旅行我最大的收益是这4000多平里。虽然同车40人都在行走，可认真关注窗外的人只有我。大巴车一路奔驰，再好的风景也不会停车。加之团员们上车就关好窗帘睡觉，我睁大眼睛也无法看到前面，风景一闪而过，非常遗憾，错失了很多美景。本来摄影技术有限；加上密封窗，头手伸不出去；到景点时间非常有限；挤在人缝中拍照；像机不专业，没有三角架；这次照片质量不好，许多都歪歪斜斜，删掉了1/3的照片，心痛啊，不可复制。看过哈总欧洲的照片，差别太大了。作为辛勤劳动的回报，还是想与大家分享，鼓起勇气，发贴，谢谢大家浏览。 十五天走了太多的地方，脑子里很混乱，几千张照片还需分门别类，慢慢上贴。也许地点与照片不符，请指正，谢谢。(上图为巴黎艾菲尔铁塔，下图为瑞士琉森的廓桥) 阿姆斯特丹 —— 美好与罪恶并存的城市 阿姆斯特丹，荷兰的首都，荷兰最大的城市和第二大港口，人口约71万，阿姆斯特丹是座水城，河网交错，河道纵横，被称作为“北方威尼斯”。提起阿姆斯特丹，就想到了：风车、乳酪、钻石、木鞋、喜力啤酒、郁金香、雏菊花海，春天里的阿姆斯特丹更是花的海洋。阿姆斯特丹的早晨 这里街道很干净，人、车很很少。在欧洲都是有轨电车，人们都骑自行车，市内停放自行车的地方很特别。 停放自行车的"高架桥" 街景 环绕阿姆斯特丹的运河 兰色、红色、绿色的各式小楼房，可爱极了。这里曾有个古老奇怪的法律，门越大交税越多。所以阿姆斯特丹住房的门都很小，而窗很大，家具都是从窗口吊运进去的。所有的楼房顶部都有数个伸出的铁钩子，以固定吊运物品所用的绳索。 正当我们在鲜花盛开的房前拍照，窗口出现了一位老人，慈眉善目的向我们招手微笑，还与我们合照。 正当欧洲杯，到处挂满了足球、花环、小旗，十分热闹。 刚进入阿姆斯特丹，我非常喜欢这个古老、宁静、花团锦簇的城市，可到了红灯区，听到看到后，感觉十分厌恶。这是个美好与罪恶并存的地方，糜艳奔放的红灯区丹拉克大街，橱窗女郎，性博物馆，把性、性交赤裸裸的表现出来了，让人毛骨悚然。在荷兰，榜“自由开放”的法律，使得“合法的性交易”、“合法的大麻贩卖”得到保障，它也是世界上第一个使同性恋婚姻合法化的国家。在这里，可以公开吸大麻 ； 妓女有营业执照、执证上岗；可以光明正大的嫖娼。 性博物馆我们没有参观，丹拉克大街也是清早去的，让女人亲眼目睹那些……，会有些难堪，也许对男人更有诱惑力。这里的红灯区在欧洲是最著名的，比泰国的红灯区“极别高”，许多男人专门为此到阿姆斯特丹。（网络也许不让上这些照片，上一张组照吧） 谢谢所有关注及留言的朋友们。发贴时还忐忑不安，摄影水平太低，与哈总的照片相比差距太大了。你们给了我信心，"本色出演" 哈，我也再返走一趟欧洲。4000多公里，路景太美了。我每天睁大眼睛，贪婪地注视着窗外，拍下这些照片，质量不太好，但是真实的欧洲自然风光。不好意思，拙品。因为旅行，工作积累太多，照片也多，只有慢慢上，请原谅。 在距阿姆斯特丹10公里的桑斯安斯风车村，是个美丽宁静的乡村。保留了三座木制风车，还有十几座荷兰风格的木建筑。当和煦的春风吹动着屹立了几百年的风车时，我想起了“堂吉诃德”手持长矛与风车的博斗。可别小看这个美丽而宁静的小乡村，彼得大帝曾经在这里学习过造船，拿破仑也曾赞美过这里的美景。当然，也是旅游团必到之地。 小树被立型成了这样 荷兰造型朴拙的木鞋，世界闻名。木鞋起源于数百年前，由于荷兰低地雨水多，户外工作的人们都会穿上木鞋，既可保暖又可保持干爽。五光十色的各式木鞋挂满了商店，旅游的人都会买些各式木鞋装饰品作为礼物送人。这是从古到今的朩鞋，刚开始没有颜色现今五光十色的各式木鞋 每个进入风车村的人，都会被拍照。打印后放在门口，10欧拿走。 网络资料 沃伦丹也称福伦丹，离阿姆斯特丹约20公里的车程，是艾瑟湖边一个小渔村。从前，当艾瑟湖还是个海湾的时候，这里的人们都是以打鱼为生。后来荷兰人为抵挡洪水，在北面建起了拦海大堤，海湾也变成了现在的艾瑟湖。打鱼的人渐渐少了，蜂拥而至的游人使这里成为荷兰北部的一个旅游镇,它也是到阿姆斯特丹旅客顺道游的必经之地。称它为奇迹小镇是因为，沃伦丹是围海造出来的小镇。这里风光秀丽，湖水宁谧，阿姆斯特丹人周末会来度假，也有很多城里人到这里买房子。 ([]
av名人堂女星
张怡君今年2.29—3.25，完成了向往已久的尼泊尔EBC徒步和景区旅游，我们的路线是：成都—加都—卢卡拉—EBC(三人原路返回，一人穿越CHO LA PAAS从GOKYO返回)—卢卡拉—加都—博卡拉—蓝毗尼—奇特旺—加都—成都。产生徒步尼泊尔EBC的愿望，最早是因为两年前在我参加活动的杭州起点登山队的论坛上看到“小妖精FAY”的一个帖子《天堂的约会-尼泊尔14日无背夫无向导徒步》（本论坛也有此帖），当时立马“中毒”， 心想“杭州小妖精”去得，难道“杭州老妖怪”就去不得？ 年轻人能够重装无向导，我老头轻装用背夫总可以吧？话是这么说，形成决定还需多方了解情况，掂斤估两。我自己的情况是：65岁，数年前被医生宣布为高血压病人，需每天服药降压； 从03年起间或参加过不少杭州周围野山的登山活动，体能在团队中属中下等； 2009年5月去川藏，在定日珠峰大本营徒步5公里，2010年春节从德钦雨崩徒步到梅里雪山大本营， 这两次高原行走都感觉高反轻微；去年五一，作为EBC徒步的热身去爬了浙西清凉峰（海拔1787.4米， 8.5小时上下），下山时陡坡砾石路很难走，把四个脚趾盖都顶黑了，筋疲力尽，但还是跟上队伍走完了全程（能不跟上吗？）。浏览了不少有关EBC徒步的网帖，反复权衡，最终的结论是：走EBC不需要超强的体力，但需要有一点意志和耐力， 需要有高原行走适应高反的经历，因此我基本上是能够胜任的， 尽管从古狗卫星图上看下去，我们将要走的路是如此严酷狰狞。根据旅行必须“有钱有闲”的条件， 我把出发日期定在2012年初，在杭州19楼，8264，磨房，台湾背包客栈上都发了招伴帖，帖子发出后，前前后后来联系的有二十多人，包括香港，日本， 台湾的驴友， 但因为我的日程较长，上班族假期不够或不对应，最后成行的只有四人，其实， 这样的徒步旅行结伴最好也就是4-6人，人多了容易意见分歧各行其是。在搜集尼泊尔旅行资料做攻略的过程中，除了上面提到“杭州小妖精”的帖子，对我帮助最大的就是简如邠女士的书《尼泊尔玩全秘笈》，尽管这本书的大陆版本完全以“中国”的面目出现，没有一字提到台湾， 但一看行文风格便知这本书是台湾作者写的。在此真心对这两位女菩萨致谢。 出发前一天晒装备， 说明如下：60升背包自重2.2公斤,总重11.5公斤，EBC路上拿出自己背装相机水壶的小背包，托付给背夫的重量是8.5公斤。考虑到走EBC本人体力有限， 没有带笨重的单反，只带了两个傻瓜机，打印机用来现场打印小照片讨尼泊尔小盆友的喜欢。事后最满意的装备：骆驼全防水登山鞋（740元），天石海子羽绒睡袋（淘宝886元，舒适温零下4°C--零下11°C,充绒800克，自重1.4公斤），宜家0.5升保暖瓶（29元，看瓶贴属日本退货，却是我用过的水瓶中保温效果最好的，让我能在雪山上喝到热水）。为了保持对外联络并免去网本的重量，专门买了一个爱疯4替换原来300元的双卡山寨手机.因为后来三人放弃了计划中的CHO LA PASS, 所以雪套冰爪都没用上。D0 (2月29日） 上海--成都又一次来到这个驴友中转城市，免不了再去逛逛锦里。D1 (3月1日）成都--加德满都（Kathmandu)950从成都起飞， 1130左右飞越喜马拉雅山脉。80年代某个夏天曾首次飞越喜马拉雅， 那时只看到一片赭色的高原， 如同火星表面， 没有任何生命迹象，也十分震撼， 现在则疑惑当时为什么没有看到积雪呢？飞临加都河谷上空加都国际机场， 尼泊尔欢迎你网上招伴集结的四个人（来自杭州， 嘉兴， 漳州）在加都机场外， 一副神采飞扬的样子， EBC的冰天雪地正等着狠狠地折磨这四个小子。到达塔梅尔区东口。在所住旅馆对门的旅行代理处买了明天去LUKLA的小飞机票（往返205美元），换了足够的卢比。大街上的尼共竞选广告。外国游客受到尼泊尔武警的严密保护：） 自己去尼泊尔旅游局办理进山证（TIMS)， 每份1600卢比。如果委托旅游代理办， 每份要2000卢比，但如果你和代理有其他生意可做， 如委托其代办旅馆，机票，团队游，雇佣向导背夫等等， 代理也可能向你提供只要1000卢比或10美元的进山证，其中有何奥妙他们自己知道。街上的骑警， 把照片在电视机上放大看才看出骑警是位女性， 正用冷峻的眼神瞟我这位“老外”的镜头。人行天桥上的盲人乞丐。穿过加都最热闹的传统集市阿森街（ASON TOL)。 杜邦广场纳拉扬神庙距离这个“苦行僧”的背影十几米远按下了快门，不料他却听到了“咔嚓”声立马转过身朝我走来，“哈哈， 可逮着你了，100卢比！”--看他的表情我猜想他心里是这样想的，他走近向我讨钱，我假装听不懂他的话一脸茫然双手乱挥， 最后不了了之。湿婆和帕尔瓦蒂在他们的神庙上方俯视着芸芸众生。尼泊尔人90%信印度教，湿婆（SHIVA）是三大神祗之一，主管生殖与毁灭， 虽是外形是女的，却是个男儿身（像佛教的观音菩萨？），以男性生殖器（LINGGAM)为象征； 帕尔瓦蒂是湿婆的配偶，是喜马拉雅雪山神女，代表幸福美满的婚姻，以女性生殖器（YONI)为象征。D2 （3月2日） KATHMANDU--LUKLA (海拔2840)--PHAKDING(2610)--MONJO(2840)加都国内机场大厅买的是YETI的机票，坐的是TARA的飞机， 驾驶员是典型尼泊尔美男。登机完毕， 乘客中有不少当地女藏民， 是去转山拜佛的。 第一次坐这样的小飞机，觉得命都悬在窗外这个黑铁皮包的螺旋桨上。降落了我们的飞机 卢卡拉山地机场，仅有400米斜坡跑道， 据称居世界上最危险的十个机场之首。在机场出口和出发前在网上约好的两名向导背夫会面，决定今天和随后的行程安排。尼泊尔时间早上10：00启程，从机场边的小路上山。刚才得到消息, 本月14号尼泊尔AGNI公司的一架小飞机从博克拉（POKHARA)飞往江森（JOMSOM, ABC徒步的一个起点）途中因技术故障失事撞山， 机上至少17人遇难。无语。 愿逝者安息， 一路走好。难免会想， 同在2012年， 为什么是ABC, 不是EBC?为什么是五月的他们， 不是三月的我们？想起这次旅行前，老同事（曾在空军中维修飞机）劝我不要去坐小飞机。户外运动的风险当然比坐在家中大，但是，生命的本质，就寓在运动之中啊。 夏尔巴人的孩子， 也许从小就学习这种用头顶承重的负荷方式了。1400到PHAKDING午餐， 1710到MONJO投宿。我们的向导（左）和背夫（右），向导能英语会话， 书写也很漂亮，背夫是他徒弟，看上去18岁都不到吧。 D3 MONJO(2840)—NAMCHE (3440)萨加马塔国家公园门口。 在这里查验进山证和购买门票（每人1000卢比）。珠穆朗玛峰（藏语， 圣女峰）在尼泊尔语中为萨加马塔峰（SAGARMATHA）,西方人则习惯称埃佛勒斯特峰（MOUNT. EVEREST）， 是为了纪念英国统治印度和尼泊尔时，负责测量喜马拉雅山脉的印度测量局局长George Everest。办公室内记载每年每月进山人数的表牌，2012年3月还是空白。路遇一位在事故中失去一条胳膊的夏尔巴向导，他仍在继续他的职业。 据说今天的路陡升600米比较费劲， 结果却没有感觉， 上午8：00出发， 中午1230即到目的地NAMCHE。下午到市场上去购物，买了气罐， 矿泉水，夏尔巴帽等等。投宿HOTEL TIBET.旅馆店堂里纪念1953年新西兰人希拉里和他的夏尔巴向导诺尔盖首次登上珠峰的的招贴。小时候（1956年）我在上海黄陂路南京路口（现上海美术馆）看过一个《印度摄影展览会》，里面有首次登上珠峰的诺尔盖的照片，所以一直以为首次登上珠峰的是个印度人。 D4NAMCHE(3440)--TENGBOCHE(3860)上午10：00从NAMCHE 出发据向导说这座塔是纪念首次登上珠峰的夏尔巴人诺尔盖的。下午1720在一片阴霾中到达TENGBOCHE的客栈 D5TENGBOCHE(3860)--DINGBOCHE(4410)早上起来挂在室内的毛巾成了冰棍，说明室温在零度左右，自己的睡袋加客栈的一条毯子，基本可以睡得比较暖和。早餐。 NAMCHE以上客栈的房价是100卢比/人，早中晚餐的价格基本上是300-450卢比一餐，热水300卢比/一热水瓶，牦牛奶400卢比/一热水瓶，充电300卢比/一次。 牦牛所背货物的外包装是“浙江温岭工业园区”的饲料袋。今天是上午820出发， 下午1550到DINGBOCHED6DINGBOCHE （4410）今天在DINGBOCHE停留一天，适应海拔。客栈店堂里台湾驴友的帖子。晒鞋，烧水泡方便面。夕阳下的 AMA DABLAM 峰（海拔6858米）D7DINGBOCHE (4410)--LOBUCHE（4940）早餐后在客栈店堂里和房东合影，山上所有的店堂都是同一格局，屋中央通常有个火炉，四周墙边连上约70公分宽50公分高的坐台，上铺毛毡， 再放一圈餐桌，白天可当餐厅，晚间遇旺季客人爆满时可让客人睡在坐台上。柜台上贴了告示提醒健行者在此购买巧克力瓶装水等物资， 再上去越高越贵。 能和心爱的人一起神游喜马拉雅山真是人生莫大的快乐啊， 后面是KANGTEGA峰（6778米） 早上7：50出发，1020到TUKLA午餐，各国登山队健行者都习惯事先做好不干胶LOGO一路留名，俺们下次也要学这一招。这次只能用随身带的红色唛头笔留名（见上方）。爬坡上了这个垭口是一片开阔地，这里有许多在山难中殒命的夏尔巴人和各国登山者的灵塔。 夏尔巴人用石块垒的灵塔。这个德州达拉斯的小伙子25岁就没了， 不知是在雪山冲顶中遇难还是在高反中一睡不起了。亲属的铭文是“愿他的灵魂在此永生，我们爱你， 我们想你”。 在温暖的阳光下看着，读着，泪水忽然涌上了眼眶。 缺氧，大脑有点迷糊，在平坦的开阔地，EBC的温和阳光令人感到舒服，空气中好像有一种甜蜜的意味，体力消耗似到极限，几乎想就地躺下不再起来， 怎么样？像很多高反患者那样，睡下去就不起来了如何？把所有的烦恼一下全部扔在身后，这样的离开世界也未尝不好啊。亲历过许多长辈和同辈的去世，病人躺在医院病床上，围着一大堆心思各异的亲友，身上插满管子，连着生命监护仪，用各种药物维持血压， 心率，血氧饱和度等各项指，延长濒死者的生命，最后再尝试用大电极刺激心脏复苏 - - 难道这样的死就好么？人的血液里，或多或少流动着早先荒野上群居动物的基因，那些喜欢亲近大自然的登山者探险家的生死观，肯定会和一般人有差别啊。 我们还在向LOBUCHE靠拢， 这位法国大哥已经从EBC下来了，这是我见到的最嬉皮士的“驴友”，脚蹬硬底大皮鞋， 身穿一件到处是破洞的皮大衣，用一根带子背着一个SACK (单口帆布袋， 或曰小偷越货用的大袋子），没有帽子围巾， 没有登山杖， 没有开麦拉，可令所有讲究名牌的“装备控”驴友目瞪口呆 - - - - 前方左面是PUMO RI (7165米）， 右面是LINGTREN (6749米）。下午1510到LOBUCHE, 今天走的路在地图上量得的直线距离是9公里，但实际上上下下的距离是多少， 就不清楚了。空中不时响起救援直升机的声音，把严重的高反病人送往加德满都救治，一次救助飞行需5000-6000美元。出发前买过人民币165元的美亚保险，一旦出险只要报保单号就可以得到先行救助，但这样的飞行享受还是不要为好。([]
别…求你了别射进去
黄启峰Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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梁雅文.——序——. 不知道，你是不是也像现在的我一样，每一次远行归来，总会有那么几天想要再一次离开现实，想要穿越时空回到那条刚刚走过的路上。今天，忙里偷闲，在这个安静的午后，给自己一个足够的空间，在画面的变换中，怀念已经属于“昨天”的记忆。是的，仿佛所有的东西都还未曾“远离”，让我还能在这里，在文字中，再一次用“心”去行走，去感受那段梦境般、熟悉而亲切的“元旦小鳌太穿越”—— 我在路上，原来，一切，都还在…… ——记 在这里，真心的感谢8264这个网络平台，让我能够在此相识了那些热爱生活的朋友，并能与大家共同分享户外生活的快乐！也要感谢“天石”公司在元旦期间寄来的我在“我行我在 天石户外”游记攻略大赛上文章获得的奖品。在此，希望能有更多的朋友参与并支持8264户外资料网！祝愿8264网站越办越精彩！活动越来越丰富！ 我，早已经不再质疑自己的选择，因为，每当我一次次回头，看看那些曾经走过的路，遇见的风景，还有风景里的人，我都会心存万分的感激之情：感谢大自然赋予人类的神奇，感谢志同道合的朋友们的相惜，让我能在心中留下记忆，并且，让一切仍旧，仍旧一如“昨天”那么的美好。人生，谁人不过客？驻足一笑，擦肩而过——相信，如若有缘，我们终会——相见；人生，走在一起是缘分，一起再走是信赖——真诚的期待，期待能在路上，再一次与你——相遇…… ——记 我不知道别人怎样理解“生活”，怎样让“生命”更有意义，可我知道，我这样的“梦想”与“生活”真的不需要所有人都理解。我想，生活中每个人都有着属于自己的梦想，只是，最大的区别莫过于你是否不停地努力着，努力着去把梦想逐渐变成现实。相信，无论梦有多高，无论梦有多远，梦在，就好！也许，美好的人生莫过如此吧——做自己喜欢的事，让梦想在生活中得以实践…… ——记. 我总是喜欢在陌生的地方或是短暂的停驻，或是匆忙的一瞥，我知道，但凡那些曾经留下我的身影或是映入我眼帘的地方，都会让我在未来的某一天，再一次真诚的向时光讨一份美好的记忆……——记 我一直喜欢“路上”的那个我。因为每一段路，每一次旅行，那些途中的收获与感悟，无论是“得”还是“失”，都会让我深深地感受到，那个时候的我，内心是幸福而快乐的……——记 年年岁岁，岁岁年年，让我们别“怠慢”了本该拥有的景致，.虽然“花”相似，“山”常在，但每一年的心境却已然绝非相同……画面中，自西向东望去，依次是飞机梁、西源、金字塔、大太白梁、拔仙台等历历在目 喜欢，是动力；兴趣，是方向——不需要任何理由。我想，我是真的中了驴行的“毒”。 我喜欢这种生活，那些途中令人驻足止步，耳目一新的享受，以及获得快乐的那一瞬间，那每一秒，不是任何人，任何钱物所能给予的，相信，只有自己！——记 曾经，我不止一次地问自己，准备好了吗？因为我相信，当身心都做好了准备，鳌太就是最美的天堂……2013年元旦，小鳌太穿越的路上因为有了你们的相伴，我才有幸用双脚去丈量，日历一页一页的翻过，时光再也回不到从前，可我不会忘记，忘记那四天三夜共处的每一个快乐的瞬间——无兄弟不登山，在此，再一次感谢，感谢一路有你！感谢记忆里有你！——记 记得去年五月的鳌太穿越，于导航架前，来自不同起点的两支队伍在途中不早不晚的相遇，并且有缘面对面的站在同一个高度上相互问候，我想，一定是因为“山”在这里！雨中，彼此看不清对方的脸，自此分别后，脑海里却留下了身在异乡听到的那一句最温暖的祝福——以山会友，我不知道这样的“偶然”算不算是人生的一种修行……——赠与此行队长“长风”：相识，真好！ “长风”，一个细心严谨的领队，是当地户外网站的元老级人物一路上香烟不断的“长风”，据说一手好书法2012年的元旦假期，他就曾经一个人独自走鳌山 . 在这里，格外道上一声真挚的感谢，感谢队长帮我购买了高山气罐和各种食材，让我品尝到陕西的特色：麻食，手工面，胡辣汤、油茶（袋装滴），小油条、小咸菜，臊子红萝卜丝炒豆腐（因为路途较远，在家出发时，我只是准备了几天穿越途中的路餐，营地餐基本都是“长风”队长在宝鸡当地帮忙准备的）……——记摄影不错的“长风”这次带着佳能5D2， 外加三角架，帖子里那张星空轨迹的相片就是出自他的手，一路上使用70-300f/4-5.6L IS 和 L 16-35f2.8L两个镜头，也不嫌麻烦相片中的“长风”很多都是在转身回头，后来我忍不住好奇的问他，他只说了句，担心……应该是因为等我的缘故吧，我的镜头里数他的身影最多（本人摄影一般，别嫌相片拍的不尽人意） 无兄弟不登山，但兄弟终归是“过客”。无论是近在咫尺，还是远在天涯，那些所有的至纯至简的欢声笑语，终究要从荒烟蔓草的山间，从风生水起的路上，回归到喧闹的城市，然后，然后在冰冷的钢筋水泥间继续做那个脚踏实地的，诚诚恳恳的“自我”——这就是“生活”，愿我们永远怀揣一份美好的信念，执着而坦然，简单而快乐。——赠与“雷锋”：学习雷锋精神！高大、帅气的“雷锋”，走过四姑娘山三峰，登过玛雅雪山，去年完成了玉珠峰一路上，幽默诙谐的“雷锋”不断地带给我们很多快乐. 虽然相处的时间短暂，却能感觉到这是一个很会生活的男人黄瓜和大白菜都成速冻的了，看来冬季登山真的不适宜带着它们绝对的吃货！！！路餐居然带着鸡腿！羡慕嫉妒恨…… 这个男人绝对是个有故事的人，有机会一定要多“挖掘”…… 每个人来到这里，都曾经累得要命，苦得要命，但这种滋味会随着时光流逝渐渐的演变成下一次的“渴望”与“向往”。我想，那所有的千辛万苦，和那一路结伴的驴友，以及共同走过的路，都终会在日后变成生命中那个难忘的良辰美景——元旦假期的四天三夜，就如同行走在天上人间，相信能留在回忆里的必将是那些难得的景致和景色里美好的心情——不管你是谁，都将会终身难忘！——赠与“耕耘”：你的稳重与低调让我印象深刻一路上，喜欢静静的拍摄MV……“耕耘”的少言寡语，不知道是不是跟吐字如金的职业有关？..下山时，“雷锋”说“耕耘”曾在夜晚对着MV演讲自己的感受……我深信他是个有内涵的男人. 记得“雷锋”这样跟我说，我和耕耘多年交情，鳌山基本上都是我们一起走的。很多时候他做的事情让我吃惊，是个有想法的人，也是个很浪漫的人，去年正月十五上鳌山，我就是包一背就走了，“耕耘”不声不响的带上礼花，说咱们也过个元宵节…… 听说“耕耘”国画很好，还善于素描，心中很是期待能拥有一张…… 这样每天在山里绕来转去，怀着同一个的梦想，走着重复的山路，发着同样的呆……就算一言不发，感觉也很好！ 他曾和雷锋一起登过玛雅雪山 你是一个什么样的人，竟然这样一路有条不紊，让一切“沉默”成“金”…… 有些事情，在还没能够来得及做的时候却没有争取去做，我想，如若现在还不作为，也许就永远都做不成了。因为所有的东西都在随着时间的漫延而改变，包括适宜的天时、地利、人和，包括自己一年年体能的改变，思维反应的变化，甚至，更多的东西都在随着时间慢慢的，悄悄的离我们远去，从此，不再适合我们，不再属于我们。活在当下，让我们共同努力过好每一天，不要再让自己放不下、想不开、看不透……——记. ..——出发——.... 很多人为了能在有限的生命中留下更精彩的痕迹，一直都在生活中寻找，并不断地改变初衷，时至今日，甚至还依旧让“遗憾”与“叹息”徘徊在蹉跎岁月间。渐渐的，在一次次的无奈中，眼前的世界变得更大，更深，更远，更陌生……是的，生活中，为了梦想，甚至为了一个别人眼中“不现实”的梦想，甘愿暂时放下一切，并不是谁都能做得到的。我只想告诉你，我亦并非是什么胸怀大志的女子，我只是喜欢以“山为伴，水为侣——洗耳，清目”，让自己能从不同的角度看“人生”，让世界在心中更美！今天，当你还在犹豫的时候，我，已经在路上……——记.2012年12月29日.出发的那个清晨，天空中飘洒着的雪花儿和亲朋一起 为我饯行经中转站换乘，折腾了近四十个小时，终于在2012年12月30日晚十一时半入住在宝鸡 .——第一天——第一天路程队长制定的很轻松：.23公里进山——练驴坡——牛头树——2900松树林——3100梁头营地扎营.. 鳌太，我对它的“认可”缘于去年五月的那一次未完成的穿越。在满脸泪水与雨水交织的下撤途中，那雨雾中朦胧的景色风一样“穿过”记忆，留下它那淡淡的痕迹。从此，我便知道，无论是走近它，还是遥望它，它，终会在那里——等我……那天，当我再一次身在其中，那曾经所有的牵挂与想念，象极了“落叶归根”般的感觉——从此，从此有了“着落”…….——记.. 2012年12月31日中午到达太白县23公里，映入眼帘的是那些熟悉的志性建筑 与事先约好的宝鸡驴友一起在鳌山登山口处整装待发……眼前上升的这段路就是“练驴坡”，我们从起步开始计时，二十分钟到达坡顶点处第一天，天空中一直是艳阳高照，万里无云…… 记得曾经有朋友对我说，你的图片配上文字总会让我看了很激动，象你这样的路，这样的行走，估计我这辈子是没有机会去尝试了……其实，我想对她说，路——永远在脚下，看你走与不走，若真的要走，相信总会有一条适合你的路，适合你的走法…… ——记在这个被称为鳌山“牛头树”的地方休息调整、适当补给后继续前行([]
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卢晴德Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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